2030年，应该做什么工作？-麦肯锡

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A new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills in Europe and beyond

May 2024

A new future of work:

The race to deploy

AI and raise skills in

Europe and beyond

Authors

Eric Hazan

Anu Madgavkar

Michael Chui

Sven Smit

Dana Maor

Gurneet Singh Dandona

Roland Huyghues-Despointes

About the McKinsey

Global Institute

MGI Directors

Sven Smit (chair)

Chris Bradley

Kweilin Ellingrud

Sylvain Johansson

Olivia White

MGI Partners

Michael Chui

Mekala Krishnan

Anu Madgavkar

Jan Mischke

Jeongmin Seong

Tilman Tacke

The McKinsey Global Institute was established in 1990. Our mission is to provide a fact

base to aid decision making on the economic and business issues most critical to the world’s

companies and policy leaders. We benet from the full range of McKinsey’s regional, sectoral,

and functional knowledge, skills, and expertise, but editorial direction and decisions are solely

the responsibility of MGI directors and partners.

Our research is grouped into ve major themes:

—Productivity and prosperity: Creating and harnessing the world’s assets most productively

—Resources of the world: Building, powering, and feeding the world sustainably

—Human potential: Maximizing and achieving the potential of human talent

—Global connections: Exploring how ows of goods, services, people, capital, and ideas

shape economies

—Technologies and markets of the future: Discussing the next big arenas of value and

competition

We aim for independent and fact-based research. None of our work is commissioned or paid

for by any business, government, or other institution; we share our results publicly free of

charge; and we are entirely funded by the partners of McKinsey. While we engage multiple

distinguished external advisers to contribute to our work, the analyses presented in our

publications are MGI’s alone, and any errors are our own.

You can nd out more about MGI and our research at www.mckinsey.com/mgi.

iiA new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills in Europe and beyond

Contents

At a glance

Context: Labor shortages

and a slowdown in

productivity growth

Potential for accelerated

work transitions ahead

The varied geography of

labor market disruptions

New skills for a new era

Spotlight: Wholesale and

retail trade

Spotlight: Financial services

Spotlight: Manufacturing

Spotlight: Healthcare

Implications for

the workforce

Enhancing productivity and

human capital in a time of

technological ferment

Technical appendix

Acknowledgments

1A new future of work: The race to deploy AI and raise skills in Europe and beyond

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Anewfutureofwork:TheracetodeployAIandraiseskillsinEuropeandbeyondMay2024Anewfutureofwork:TheracetodeployAIandraiseskillsinEuropeandbeyondAuthorsEricHazanAnuMadgavkarMichaelChuiSvenSmitDanaMaorGurneetSinghDandonaRolandHuyghues-DespointesAbouttheMcKinseyGlobalInstituteMGIDirectorsSvenSmit(chair)ChrisB...

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