世界银行-按性别划分的交通成本和女性的时间使用：来自印度Pink Slip计划的证据（英）-2024.2-57页

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P R W P 10701

Gender-Specic Transportation Costs

and Female Time Use

Evidence from India’s Pink Slip Program

Yutong Chen

Kerem Cosar

Devaki Ghose

Shirish Mahendru

Sheetal Sekhri

Development Economics

Development Research Group

February 2024

Public Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure AuthorizedPublic Disclosure Authorized

Produced by the Research Support Team

Abstract

e Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the ndings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development

issues. An objective of the series is to get the ndings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. e papers carry the

names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. e ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those

of the authors. ey do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and

its aliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

P R W P 10701

is paper estimates a synthetic dierence-in-dierences

specication on the roll-out of a program providing free

bus transit for women in several Indian states, to examine

the impact on women’s time allocation and labor supply.

Household expenditures on buses fall and women save

time on travel. However, there is substantial heterogeneity.

Skilled employed women increase labor supply and reduce

time on household chores. Low-skilled married women

increase time on household activities and reduce labor

supply. Unemployed women increase job search with no

eect on employment. e ndings show that gender roles

within households undermine the eect of gender-specic

travel subsidies on female labor supply.

is paper is a product of the Development Research Group, Development Economics. It is part of a larger eort by the

World Bank to provide open access to its research and make a contribution to development policy discussions around the

world. Policy Research Working Papers are also posted on the Web at http://www.worldbank.org/prwp. e authors may

be contacted at dghose@worldbank.org.

GENDER-SPECIFIC TRANSPORTATION COSTS AND FEMALE

TIME USE: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA’SPINK SLIP PROGRAM*

Yutong Chen†Kerem Co¸sar‡Devaki Ghose§

Shirish Mahendru¶Sheetal Sekhri‖

Keywords: Transport, Gender, Time-Use, Female Labor Force Participation

JEL codes: J16, J22, R41

*We thank the UVA department of economics for ﬁnancial support. For helpful comments and feedback, we

thank S Anukriti and the Ofﬁce of the Chief Economist, South Asia Region.

†yc3jk@virginia.edu (University of Virginia)

‡kerem.cosar@virginia.edu (University of Virginia, CEPR, CESifo, NBER)

§dghose@worldbank.org (Development Economics Research Group, The World Bank). The views expressed

in this paper do not represent the views of the World Bank or its partner organizations and solely represent

the authors’ personal views.

¶shirish.mahendru@giz.de (Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) India)

‖ssekhri@virginia.edu (University of Virginia)

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标签： #印度 #银行

摘要：

PRWP10701Gender-SpecicTransportationCostsandFemaleTimeUseEvidencefromIndia’sPinkSlipProgramYutongChenKeremCosarDevakiGhoseShirishMahendruSheetalSekhriDevelopmentEconomicsDevelopmentResearchGroupFebruary2024PublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAuthorizedPublicDisclosureAut...

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